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KS2 SATs Paper 1 Essentials (ages 10 to 11)

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Foundational skills
Times tables: multiply and divide
\[ 84 \div 12 = \square \]
Recall the fact, or use one you know.
Multiply or divide by 0 or 1
\[ \square \times 233 = 0 \]
× 0 gives 0. × 1 or ÷ 1 leaves it the same.
Partition a number
\[ 7{,}549 = 7{,}000 + \square + 40 + 9 \]
Each digit is worth its digit times its column.
Multiply by 10, 100 or 1000
\[ 2{,}345 \times 1{,}000 \]
Move the digits left, do not just add zeros.
Divide by 10, 100 or 1000
\[ 326.8 \div 10 \]
Move the digits right, past the decimal point.
Addition and subtraction
Add whole numbers
\[ 689 + 38 \]
Line up the ones, add from the right, carry.
Add three numbers
\[ 6{,}155 + 501 + 649 \]
Add each column, including any carry.
Subtract whole numbers
\[ 456 – 385 \]
Exchange when the top digit is too small.
Subtract across zeros
\[ 904 – 8 \]
Exchange from the next non-zero digit.
Subtract large numbers
\[ 1{,}004{,}235 – 52{,}346 \]
Line up the ones, then exchange as you go.
Add decimals
\[ 47.65 + 51.783 \]
Line up the decimal points; fill gaps with zeros.
Subtract decimals
\[ 17 – 3.6 \]
Write whole numbers with .0, then subtract.
Missing number: + and −
\[ 326 + \square = 380 \]
Use the inverse to find the missing number.
Multiplication
Short multiplication: 3-digit
\[ 6 \times 832 \]
Multiply each digit, then add the carry.
Short multiplication: 4-digit
\[ 2{,}407 \times 8 \]
Multiply each digit, then add the carry.
Multiply three numbers
\[ 12 \times 3 \times 10 \]
Multiply two, then the third. Look for easy pairs.
Long multiplication: 2-digit × 2-digit
\[ 23 \times 46 \]
Ones row, tens row with a place-holder 0, then add.
Long multiplication: 3-digit × 2-digit
\[ 614 \times 32 \]
Ones row, tens row with a place-holder 0, then add.
Long multiplication: 4-digit × 2-digit
\[ 6{,}419 \times 74 \]
Ones row, tens row with a place-holder 0, then add.
Decimal × whole number
\[ 3 \times 8.9 \]
Multiply as whole numbers, then put the point back.
Division
Short division: 3-digit
\[ 540 \div 6 \]
Divide each digit from the left; carry remainders.
Short division: 4-digit
\[ 4{,}104 \div 9 \]
Divide each digit from the left; carry remainders.
Short division: decimal answer
\[ 87 \div 4 = 21.75 \]
Do not stop at a remainder: carry on past the point.
Long division: 3-digit ÷ 2-digit
\[ 884 \div 17 \]
Divide, multiply, subtract, bring down.
Long division: 4-digit ÷ 2-digit
\[ 8{,}190 \div 45 \]
Divide, multiply, subtract, bring down.
Missing number: × and ÷
\[ 72 \div \square = 9 \]
Use the inverse to find the missing number.
Fractions
Add or subtract: same denominator
\[ \frac{4}{6} + \frac{3}{6} \]
Add or subtract the tops. The bottom stays the same.
Add or subtract: one denominator a multiple
\[ \frac{1}{3} – \frac{1}{9} \]
Change one fraction so the bottoms match.
Add or subtract: both denominators change
\[ \frac{2}{3} + \frac{4}{5} \]
Find a common denominator for both.
Add three fractions
\[ \frac{1}{6} + \frac{2}{3} + \frac{3}{12} \]
Change all three to one common denominator.
Add mixed numbers: same denominator
\[ 2\frac{3}{5} + 1\frac{3}{5} \]
Add the wholes, add the fractions, then regroup.
Add mixed numbers: different denominators
\[ 2\frac{1}{6} + \frac{2}{5} \]
Wholes, then fractions with a common denominator.
Subtract mixed numbers
\[ 4\frac{2}{7} – 1\frac{1}{6} \]
Common denominator; exchange a whole if needed.
Multiply two fractions
\[ \frac{2}{5} \times \frac{5}{6} \]
Multiply the tops, multiply the bottoms.
Fraction × whole number
\[ \frac{3}{8} \times 240 \]
Divide by the bottom, multiply by the top.
Mixed number × whole number
\[ 3\frac{1}{3} \times 12 \]
Multiply the whole part and the fraction part.
Divide a fraction by a whole number
\[ \frac{5}{8} \div 3 \]
Multiply the bottom by the whole number.
Percentages
50%, 25% and 75%
\[ 75\% \text{ of } 320 \]
Half, a quarter, three quarters.
10%, 5% and 1%
\[ 5\% \text{ of } 860 \]
10%: ÷ 10. 5%: half of 10%. 1%: ÷ 100.
Any percentage
\[ 19\% \text{ of } 2{,}300 \]
Build it from 10%, 5% and 1%.
Powers and order of operations
Squares and cubes
\[ 5^3 = \square \]
Squared: × itself. Cubed: × itself, then × it again.
Order of operations
\[ 20 – 12 \div 4 \]
× and ÷ before + and −; otherwise left to right.
Order of operations: brackets and powers
\[ (5^2 + 3) – 12 \div 4 \]
Brackets, then powers, then × ÷, then + −.
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